1847 Bartlett print SHRINE OF THE NATIVITY, BETHLEHEM, PALESTINE (#1)

Description: Palestine_01 1847 Bartlett print SHRINE OF THE NATIVITY, BETHLEHEM, PALESTINE (#1) Nice print titled Shrine of the Nativity. Bethlehem, from steel engraving with fine detail and clear impression, nice hand coloring, approx. page size is 27.5 x 20.5 cm, approx. image size is 18.5 x 13 cm. From: The Christian in Palestine; or, Scenes of Sacred History, Historical and Descriptive. By Henry Stebbing, D.D., F.R.S. Illustrated from sketches taken on the spot by W.H. Bartlett. London: - George Virtue, [1847] . Bethlehem, Arabic BAYT LAHM ("House of Meat"), Hebrew BET LEHEM ("House of Bread"), town in ancient Judah, central Palestine. It is situated in the Judaean Hills, 5 miles (8 km) south of Jerusalem. Bethlehem was the site of the nativity of Jesus Christ according to the Gospels (Matthew 2; Luke 2); Christian theology has linked this with the belief that his birth there fulfills the Old Testament prophecy of Israel's future ruler coming from Bethlehem Ephrathah (Micah 5:2). Some modern New Testament scholars believe parts of the Gospel accounts to be later accretions and hold that Jesus was born in Nazareth, his childhood home, but normative Christian belief has sanctified Bethlehem as Jesus' birthplace for almost two millennia. In modern times, Bethlehem was in the Palestine mandate (1923-48); after the Arab-Israeli War of 1948-49, it was in the territory annexed by Jordan in 1950 and placed in al-Quds (Jerusalem) muhafazah (governorate). Since the Six-Day War (1967), it has been in the West Bank (Judaea and Samaria) territory under Israeli administration. In the Old Testament, the city is often referred to as Bethlehem Ephrathah, or Bethlehem-Judah. An ancient settlement, it is possibly mentioned in the Amarna Letters (14th-century-BC diplomatic documents found at Tell el-Amarna, Egypt), but the reading there is uncertain. Bethlehem is first mentioned in the Bible in connection with Rachel, who died on the wayside near there (Genesis 35:19). It is the setting for most of the Book of Ruth and was the presumed birthplace, and certainly the home, of her descendant, King David; there he was anointed king of Israel by the prophet Samuel (I Samuel 16). The town was fortified by Rehoboam, David's grandson and first king of Judah after the division of the state between Israel and Judah (II Chronicles 11). During the Jewish return to Palestine after the Babylonian Captivity (516 BC and following), the town was repopulated; later, a Roman garrison was there during the Second Jewish Revolt led by Bar Kokhba (AD 135). The site of the Nativity of Jesus was identified by St. Justin Martyr, a 2nd-century Christian apologist, as a manger in "a cave close to the village"; the cave, now under the nave of the Church of the Nativity in the heart of the town, has been continuously venerated by Christians since then. St. Helena (c. 248-c. 328), mother of the first Christian Roman emperor (Constantine I), had a church built over the cave; later destroyed, it was rebuilt in substantially its present form by Emperor Justinian (reigned 527-565). The Church of the Nativity is thus one of the oldest Christian churches extant. Frequent conflicts have arisen over the jurisdiction of various faiths at the sacred site, often incited by outside interests; thus, for example, the theft, in 1847, of the silver star marking the exact traditional locus of the Nativity was an ostensible factor in the international crisis over the Holy Places that ultimately led to the Crimean War (1854-56). The church is now divided between the Greek Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Armenian Orthodox faiths. The town has been a monastic centre for centuries; St. Jerome built a monastery there and, with the aid of Palestinian rabbis, translated the Old Testament into Latin from the original Hebrew (5th century AD). This, together with the New Testament, which he had translated from the Greek before coming to Palestine, constitutes the Vulgate, the standard Latin translation of the Bible used by the Roman Catholic Church. Modern Bethlehem is an agricultural market and trade town that is closely linked to nearby Jerusalem. For a long time the town has been important as a pilgrim and tourist centre, and its trade has sharply increased since the abolition of the artificial armistice line between it and Israel (including western Jerusalem) as a result of the 1967 war. The manufacture of religious articles, chiefly of mother-of-pearl, is a traditional industry, as is the carving of olivewood. The town forms a conurbation with adjoining Bayt Jala, to the northwest, and Bayt Sahur, to the southeast. Bethlehem and its suburbs have many churches, convents, schools, and hospitals, supported by Christian denominations the world over. A large proportion of the town's population is Christian. A university was established in Bethlehem in 1973 and offers instruction in both Arabic and English. Pop. (1984 est.) Bethlehem proper (not counting 1,874 in refugee camp), 20,000; (1980 est.) Bethlehem, Bayt Jala, and Bayt Sahur, 58,819. William Henry Bartlett William Henry Bartlett (March 26, 1809 – September 13, 1854) was a British artist, best known for his numerous drawings rendered into steel engravings. Bartlett was born in Kentish Town, London in 1809. He was apprenticed to John Britton (1771–1857), and became one of the foremost illustrators of topography of his generation. He travelled throughout Britain, and in the mid and late 1840s he travelled extensively in the Balkans and the Middle East. He made four visits to North America between 1836 and 1852. In 1835, Bartlett first visited the United States to draw the buildings, towns and scenery of the northeastern states. The finely detailed steel engravings Bartlett produced were published uncolored with a text by Nathaniel Parker Willis as American Scenery; or Land, Lake, and River: Illustrations of Transatlantic Nature. American Scenery was published by George Virtue in London in 30 monthly installments from 1837 to 1839. Bound editions of the work were published from 1840 onward. In 1838 Bartlett was in the Canadas producing sketches for Willis' Canadian scenery illustrated, published in 1842. Following a trip to the Middle East, he published Walks about the city and environs of Jerusalem in 1840. Bartlett made sepia wash drawings the exact size to be engraved. His engraved views were widely copied by artists, but no signed oil painting by his hand is known. Engravings based on Bartlett's views were later used in his posthumous History of the United States of North America, continued by Bernard Bolingbroke Woodward and published around 1856. Bartlett’s primary concern was to render "lively impressions of actual sights", as he wrote in the preface to The Nile Boat (London, 1849). Many views contain some ruin or element of the past including many scenes of churches, abbeys, cathedrals and castles, and Nathaniel Parker Willis described Bartlett's talent thus: "Bartlett could select his point of view so as to bring prominently into his sketch the castle or the cathedral, which history or antiquity had allowed". Bartlett returning from his last trip to the Near East suddenly took ill and died of fever on board the French steamer Egyptus off the coast of Malta in 1854. His widow Susanna lived for almost 50 years after his death, and died in London on 25 October 1902, aged 91.

Price: 35 USD

Location: Zagreb, HR

End Time: 2024-12-14T15:27:55.000Z

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