Bayezid II, Silver Akce, AD 1481-1512 (AH 886-918), Ottoman Empire. NGC AU55

Description: Bayezid II, Silver Akce, AD 1481-1512 (AH 886-918), Ottoman Empire. NGC AU55. Shipped with USPS First Class.Bayezid II, Silver Akce, AD 1481-1512 (AH 886-918), Ottoman Empire. NGC XF45. Shipped with USPS First Class.Bayezid II(Ottoman Turkish: ,romanized:Byezd-i sn, 3 December 1447 26 May 1512,Turkish:II. Bayezid) was the eldest son and the successor ofMehmed IIand ruled asSultanof theOttoman Empirefrom 1481 to 1512. During his reign, Bayezid consolidated the Ottoman Empire, thwarted aSafavidrebellion and finally abdicated his throne to his son,Selim I. Bayezid evacuatedSephardi JewsfromSpainafter the proclamation of theAlhambra Decreeand resettled them throughout Ottoman lands, especially inSalonica.Bayezid II's overriding concern was the quarrel with his brotherCem Sultan, who claimed the throne and sought military backing from the Mamluks in Egypt. Having been defeated by his brother's armies, Cem sought protection from theKnights of St. JohninRhodes. Eventually, the Knights handed Cem over toPope Innocent VIII(14841492). The Pope thought of using Cem as a tool to drive the Turks out of Europe, but as the papal crusade failed to come to fruition, Cem died in Naples.Bayezid II ascended the Ottoman throne in 1481.[9]Like his father, Bayezid II was a patron of western and eastern culture. Unlike many other sultans, he worked hard to ensure a smooth running of domestic politics, which earned him the epithet of "the Just". Throughout his reign, Bayezid II engaged in numerous campaigns to conquer theVenetianpossessions inMorea, accurately defining this region as the key to future Ottoman naval power in the EasternMediterranean. In 1497, he went to war with Poland and decisively defeated the 80,000 strong Polish army during theMoldavian campaign. Thelast of these warsended in 1501 with Bayezid II in control of the whole Peloponnese. Rebellions in the east, such as that of theQizilbash, plagued much of Bayezid II's reign and were often backed by theshahofPersia,Ismail I, who was eager to promoteShi'ismto undermine the authority of the Ottoman state. Ottoman authority inAnatoliawas indeed seriously threatened during this period and at one point Bayezid II'svizier,Hadm Ali Pasha, was killed in battle against theahkulu rebellion. Jewish and Muslim immigration Crimean KhanMeli I Giray(centre) with the eldest son,Mehmed I Giray(left) and Bayezid II (right) In July 1492, the new state ofSpainexpelled itsJewishandMuslimpopulations as part of theSpanish Inquisition. Bayezid II sent out theOttoman Navyunder the command of admiralKemal Reisto Spain in 1492 in order to evacuate them safely to Ottoman lands. He sent out proclamations throughout the empire that the refugees were to be welcomed.[10]He granted the refugees the permission to settle in the Ottoman Empire and become Ottoman citizens. He ridiculed the conduct ofFerdinand II of AragonandIsabella I of Castilein expelling a class of people so useful to their subjects. "You venture to call Ferdinand a wise ruler," he said to his courtiers, "he who has impoverished his own country and enriched mine!"[11]Bayezid addressed afirmanto all the governors of his European provinces, ordering them not only to refrain from repelling the Spanish refugees, but to give them a friendly and welcome reception.[11]He threatened with death all those who treated the Jews harshly or refused them admission into the empire.Moses Capsali, who probably helped to arouse the sultan's friendship for the Jews, was most energetic in his assistance to the exiles. He made a tour of the communities and was instrumental in imposing a tax upon the rich, to ransom the Jewish victims of the persecution. The Muslims and Jews ofal-Andaluscontributed much to the rising power of the Ottoman Empire by introducing new ideas, methods and craftsmanship. The firstprinting pressinConstantinople(nowIstanbul) was established by the Sephardic Jews in 1493. It is reported that under Bayezid's reign, Jews enjoyed a period of cultural flourishing, with the presence of such scholars as theTalmudistand scientistMordecai Comtino; astronomer and poetSolomon ben Elijah Sharbi ha-Zahab;Shabbethaiben Malkiel Cohen, and the liturgical poet Menahem Tamar.[ During Bayezid II's final years, on 14 September 1509, Constantinople wasdevastated by an earthquake,[12][13]and a succession battle developed between his sonsSelimandAhmet. Ahmet unexpectedly capturedKaraman, and began marching to Constantinople to exploit his triumph. Fearing for his safety, Selim staged a revolt inThracebut was defeated by Bayezid and forced to flee back to theCrimeanpeninsula. Bayezid II developed fears that Ahmet might in turn kill him to gain the throne, so he refused to allow his son to enter Constantinople. Selim returned from Crimea and, with support from theJanissaries, he forced his father to abdicate the throne on 25 April 1512. Bayezid departed for retirement in his nativeDimetoka, but he died on 26 May 1512 atHavsa, before reaching his destination and only a month after his abdication. He was buried next to theBayezid MosqueinIstanbul Bayezid was praised in aghazalof Abdrrezzak Bah, a scribe who came to Constantinople fromSamarkandin the second half of the 15th century that worked at the courts of Mehmed II and Bayezid II, and wrote inChagataiwith theOld Uyghur alphabet

Price: 189.99 USD

Location: Reading, Pennsylvania

End Time: 2024-04-26T21:41:53.000Z

Shipping Cost: 5.99 USD